Optimism vs positivity - what’s the difference?

I find it very interesting to examine the difference between optimism and positivity. Many people won’t have considered that there is one, but there is a subtle difference, and understanding this can help leaders develop the right mindset and attitude for success.

The dictionary definition of optimism is ‘hopefulness and confidence about the future or the success of something’ while positivity is ‘the practice of being, or tendency to be positive or optimistic in attitude.’ Although adopting a positive mindset can help us get through difficult times, it tends to focus purely on mind over matter - thinking positive thoughts and banishing all negative ones. I therefore feel that it is not as grounded in reality as optimism, as it seeks to quash anything that could be perceived as negative.

Optimists, while hoping for a positive outcome, are more realistic. They take time to understand their environment and spot all the possible pitfalls, which ultimately makes them better equipped to avoid them.

One theory which helps explain this is the Stockdale Paradox, made popular by the book ‘Good to Great’ by Jim Collins. The Stockdale Paradox illustrates how optimism can be balanced with realism to achieve successful outcomes. It is a really useful theory for leaders to consider when facing challenges, as many are in the current environment. It is named after James Stockdale, a former candidate for US vice president, high-ranking naval officer, and Vietnam Prisoner of War for seven years.

The Stockdale Paradox combines facing into the current situation, and appreciating that it may be very difficult, while also holding on to the faith that a positive outcome is still possible. It therefore describes a mindset of balancing optimism with realism. It could perhaps be explained more simply by one of my favourite heroic fictional characters - Jack Reacher from Lee Child’s novels - whose mantra is ‘hope for the best, plan for the worst.’ 

Strike the right balance between hoping for the best and planning for the worst. Picture Credit AirFocus Unsplash

This ability to balance optimism with realism is one of the hallmarks of great leadership, and is the very bedrock of resilience. This way of thinking can get us through the toughest of times - highly beneficial right now as we face further lockdown restrictions, potential job losses, and the need to adapt to new ways of working. In order to get through this most testing time, we need both the ability to appreciate the gravity of the situation we are in, yet also hold on to the thought that we will eventually come through the other side, possibly with some new benefits, such as improved options for flexible working, more valued personal relationships, and a new appreciation of our civil liberties. 

Optimism, as opposed to blind positivity, equips us to face our problems, recognising the dangers and difficulties, which makes us much more likely to avoid them, and achieve a positive outcome.